Avascular Necrosis
Avascular necrosis (AVN), also known as osteonecrosis, is a condition that occurs when there is a loss of blood supply to a bone, leading to bone tissue death. This can result in pain, limited range of motion, and joint collapse, which can ultimately lead to arthritis.
Avascular Necrosis
Avascular necrosis is a condition caused by the loss of blood supply to a bone, leading to the death of bone tissue and eventual collapse. When avascular necrosis occurs near a joint, it can result in the collapse of the joint surface.
This condition can affect any bone in the body, but it typically occurs in the ends of long bones. It can impact a single bone, multiple bones simultaneously, or different bones at different times.
Risk Factors
Risk factors for avascular necrosis include:
- Injury
- Bone surgery
- Steroid use
- Alcohol use
- Blood disorders, such as sickle cell anemia
- Radiation treatments
- Chemotherapy
- Pancreatitis
- Diver’s disease or “the bends” (decompression sickness)
- Increased tendency for blood clots
- High cholesterol levels
- Autoimmune disease
- HIV infection
Treatments
Treatment for avascular necrosis is personalized based on symptoms, age, general health, and the severity of the condition. The primary goal of treatment is to improve joint function and prevent further damage to the affected bone or joint. The following interventions may be used:
joints from breaking down. They may include:
Treatment options for avascular necrosis include:
Medications: These are used to control pain associated with avascular necrosis.
Assistive devices: Such devices help reduce weight and pressure on the affected bone or joint.
Core decompression: This surgical procedure involves removing the inner layer of bone to relieve pressure, improve blood flow, and slow down or halt bone and joint damage.
Osteotomy: This surgery reshapes the bone, reducing stress on the affected area.
Bone graft: Healthy bone from another part of the body is transplanted into the affected area to promote healing and bone regeneration.
Joint replacement: In cases where other treatments have failed to alleviate pain or disability, joint replacement surgery may be considered. This involves removing the damaged joint and replacing it with an artificial joint.
Additional treatments: Electrical stimulation and combination therapies may be used to promote bone growth and aid in the healing process.
What is avascular necrosis?
Avascular necrosis is a condition caused by the temporary or permanent interruption of blood flow to a bone, leading to bone tissue death and eventual collapse. When avascular necrosis occurs near a joint, it can result in the collapse of the joint surface.
This condition can affect any bone, but it most frequently occurs in the ends of long bones. It can involve a single bone, multiple bones simultaneously, or different bones at different times.
COST OF Avascular Necrosis IN IRAN
COST OF HIP REPLACEMENT IN IRAN
Hip arthroplasty in Iran is affordable, with costs ranging from $3,000 to $5,000, which includes the doctor’s visit, anesthesia, and surgery fee. In comparison, the average price for this procedure in countries like Turkey, Malaysia, England, and the USA is significantly higher, ranging from $6,000 to $30,000.
Medical tourists can benefit from substantial savings of 50 to 70 percent by choosing Iran as their destination for hip joint replacement. Even when factoring in additional expenses such as flights, visas, and local transportation, the cost difference between Iran and other countries remains significant.
COST OF Knee REPLACEMENT IN IRAN
The price of a total knee replacement in Iran is influenced by various factors, including the duration of hospital stay, the extent of physical therapy provided during the hospital stay, the length of the recovery period, the type of anesthesia used, and the surgeon’s fee. Your physical condition and the location of the procedure also contribute to the overall cost. It’s important to note that any additional medical issues you may have, even if unrelated to your knees, can impact the procedure and cost. At Mediranco, our doctors ensure thorough evaluation to prevent future complications.
In the United States, the average hospital fee for a total knee replacement is approximately $40,000, while in Canada, the average cost is around $12,000. Comparatively, in some neighboring countries like Turkey, the cost for the same procedure is less than $6,000. In Iran, the cost of a total knee replacement ranges from $2,800 to $3,800, providing an affordable option for patients seeking this treatment.
The best Avascular Necrosis in iran
Bahador Alami Harandi
Mohammad Hossein Nabian
COST OF Shoulder REPLACEMENT IN IRAN
Shoulder replacement surgery in Iran is not only known for its high quality but also for its affordability. The cost of shoulder arthroplasty in Iran ranges from approximately $3,500 to $5,000. In comparison, the same procedure in the United Kingdom is priced at around £9,495, while in the United States, the cost ranges from $7,000 to $21,000. In India, the cost varies between $6,500 and $15,000. The significant cost difference makes Iran a favorable destination for medical tourists seeking shoulder replacement surgery.
Avascular Necrosis Q&A
What causes avascular necrosis?
Avascular necrosis can occur due to various factors, including:
- Injury
- Fracture
- Damage to blood vessels
- Prolonged use of certain medications, such as corticosteroids
- Excessive and prolonged alcohol consumption
- Specific chronic medical conditions
What are the risk factors for avascular necrosis?
- Injury
- Steroid use
- Gaucher disease
- Caisson disease (decompression sickness)
- Alcohol use
- Blood disorders, such as sickle cell anemia
- Radiation treatments
- Chemotherapy
- Pancreatitis
- Decompression disease (diver’s disease or “the bends”)
- Hypercoagulable state (tendency to form blood clots easily)
- Hyperlipidemia (high cholesterol)
- Autoimmune disease
- HIV infection
What are the symptoms of avascular necrosis?
The most common symptoms of avascular necrosis may include:
- Minimal early joint pain
- Increased joint pain as the bone and joint begin to collapse
- Limited range of motion due to pain
It’s important to note that symptoms can vary from person to person. They may resemble other medical conditions or bone problems. If you’re experiencing these symptoms, it’s recommended to consult with your healthcare provider for an accurate diagnosis.
How is avascular necrosis diagnosed?
To diagnose avascular necrosis, the following tests may be conducted alongside a comprehensive medical history and physical examination:
- X-ray: This imaging test uses electromagnetic energy beams to create images of internal tissues, bones, and organs on film.
- Computed tomography scan (CT or CAT scan): This imaging test combines X-rays and computer technology to produce detailed images of the body, including bones, muscles, fat, and organs. CT scans offer more detailed information compared to general X-rays.
- Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI): This test employs powerful magnets, radiofrequencies, and a computer to generate detailed images of organs and structures within the body.
- Radionuclide bone scan: This nuclear imaging technique involves injecting a small amount of radioactive material into the bloodstream, which is then detected by a scanner. This scan helps visualize blood flow to the bone and assess cell activity within the bone.
- Biopsy: A biopsy may be performed to extract tissue samples from the affected bone for microscopic examination. This procedure can help identify abnormal cells or diagnose other conditions such as cancer.
- Functional evaluation of bone: These tests often require surgery and are used to measure the pressure inside the bone, providing further insight into its function.
These diagnostic tests are utilized to evaluate and confirm the presence of avascular necrosis and to determine the extent and severity of the condition.
The best orthopedic hospitals
Khatam Ol Anbia Hospital
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Pasteurno Hospital
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Ordibehesht Hospital
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How is avascular necrosis treated?
Treatment for avascular necrosis is personalized based on various factors such as age, overall health, disease extent, affected bone location, underlying cause, treatment tolerance, expectations, and patient preference. The main objective is to improve function and prevent further bone or joint damage. The treatment options include:
- Medications: Pain management medications are used to control symptoms.
- Assistive devices: Devices like crutches or braces reduce weight and pressure on the affected area.
- Core decompression: Surgical removal of the inner layer of bone reduces pressure, improves blood flow, and slows down or stops bone and joint deterioration.
- Osteotomy: Reshaping the bone relieves stress on the affected area.
- Bone grafting: Transplanting healthy bone tissue from another part of the body promotes regeneration in the affected area.
- Joint replacement: When other treatments fail to alleviate pain and disability, joint replacement surgery replaces the damaged joint with an artificial one.
- Other treatments: Electrical stimulation and combination therapies promote bone growth and aid in healing.
Consulting with a healthcare provider is essential to determine the most appropriate treatment plan for individual circumstances and condition.
Avascular necrosis is a condition that occurs when there is a loss of blood supply to a bone, leading to bone tissue death. It typically affects the ends of long bones. This condition can be caused by various factors including injury, medication usage, or excessive alcohol consumption.
Common symptoms of avascular necrosis include joint pain and limited range of motion.
To improve functionality and prevent further damage, treatment options may include medications, assistive devices, or surgical interventions. Medications can help manage pain, while assistive devices reduce pressure on the affected bone or joint. In more severe cases, surgery may be necessary to restore functionality and halt the progression of the condition.
FAQ
Untreated, avascular necrosis worsens. Eventually, the bone can collapse. Avascular necrosis also causes bone to lose its smooth shape, possibly leading to severe arthritis.
Treatment can slow the progress of avascular necrosis, but there is no cure. Most people who have avascular necrosis eventually have surgery, including joint replacement. People who have avascular necrosis can also develop severe osteoarthritis.
There is no cure for avascular necrosis, but if it’s diagnosed early using X-rays or MRI, nonsurgical treatments such as activity modification, anti-inflammatory medications, injections, and physical therapy may slow its progression. Because avascular necrosis is a progressive condition, it often requires surgery.
In osteonecrosis, blood flow to part of a bone is disrupted. This results in death of bone tissue, and the bone can eventually break down and the joint will collapse. Osteonecrosis is also called: Avascular necrosis.
Exercise or physical activity that doesn’t involve putting weight through the hip joint is recommended, particularly for those that are in more advanced stages of AVN.
Normally, this is the end of the AVN in that particular joint, and given the relatively high safety and efficacy of hip replacements, those suffering from AVN of the hip(s) can go on to lead a relatively normal life.
The infection often spreads very quickly. Early symptoms of necrotizing fasciitis can include: A red, warm, or swollen area of skin that spreads quickly. Severe pain, including pain beyond the area of the skin that is red, warm, or swollen.
This 4-stage system delineates the natural history of AVN from normal radiographs (stage I) to cystic changes and sclerosis (stage II), to subchondral collapse or femoral head flattening (stage III), and finally to joint space narrowing (stage IV)
Long term alcohol intake is a common cause of avascular necrosis of the head of the femur. Chronic steroid intake and alcohol account for more than 60% of non-traumatic causes of avascular necrosis in the United States. Avascular necrosis commonly affects the head of the femur due to its limited blood supply.
Femoral head avascular necrosis is the cause of paralyzing status of youth population. Initial diagnosis is the main element in treating the disease. Bone grafting and core decompression are the approved cures at the early steps of the disease. Hip replacement in a total manner is the common cure in the final stages.
Avascular necrosis may qualify for long-term disability (LTD) benefits. Osteonecrosis occurs when poor blood supply to an area causes bone death. This lack of blood can cause bone tissue to die and may also result in the collapse of the bone.